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• Classic-Fiction

government regulation of, 62, 63, 65–67, 74–76, 80–84, 283

and fragmentation of regulatory authority, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 70

by HACCP, 63, 67–71, 68, 69, 75, 75, 76, 81, 84–85, 86–92, 94–99, 104–10, 112

largest producer in, 79, 101

and recalls of food products, 53, 87, 100–102, 121, 123, 288–90, 294–95

and resistance to government regulation, 28, 63, 65, 70, 71, 72, 76–77, 82–84, 86, 92, 94, 97, 103–7, 110–12, 120, 295

responsibility denied by, 63, 73, 75–76, 102, 103, 110, 112, 124, 136

and safe handling labels, 66–67, 76–78, 78

and science-based approach, 63

See also Meat processing

Beef Packers, Inc., 294

Beets, 278

Belgium, 3, 4, 7, 47

Ben & Jerry’s ice cream, 198, 200, 203–4, 204

Berkeley. See University of California at Berkeley

Beta-carotene, 142, 151, 153, 155–59, 156, 158, 159, 160, 162–65, 166, 279, 299, 300–301, 302–3, 327n26, 328n31, 354n1

Beyer, Peter, 157

Beyond Beef, 76

Biodiversity, 184, 230, 234

Biopiracy, 143, 220, 228, 237

Biosafety Protocol, 236, 238

Biotechnology, agricultural

and accidental dissemination of transgenes, 143, 180, 181, 184, 192, 216, 232, 234–36, 246, 247, 279

activist opposition to, 139, 140, 152, 160, 161–64, 189, 190, 200, 213, 240–45, 242, 243

and advertising, 154, 160, 161, 181, 182

compared to traditional genetic techniques, 147, 153, 155

and consumer groups, 2, 4–5, 11–14, 16, 25, 145, 209, 225, 244, 280

and consumer surveys, 167–70, 206, 222–23

and corporate ownership, 3, 6, 7–8, 11, 143, 214, 227

and corporate self-interest, 142, 145, 149, 165, 206, 226, 240

and democratic process, 141–42, 170, 219, 221, 244

and developing countries, 146, 151–53, 159–60, 163, 220, 228, 230, 247

dread and outrage in response to, 25, 140, 166, 169, 171, 179, 194, 220–21, 232, 235, 236, 241, 246–48

and economic relations, 141, 149–50, 183, 200, 206, 211, 213, 214, 228, 245–46

ethics of, 141, 170, 229, 241

and genetic “pollution,” 220, 232–36, 279

and globalization, 143, 236–40, 238, 243

government regulation of, 2–3, 9, 11–14, 16, 19, 21, 22, 25, 81, 118, 140, 141, 142, 146, 149, 173–80, 185–86, 191–219, 222–25, 232–34, 246–47

Coordinated Framework for, 195–96, 216

and intellectual property rights, 143, 159, 160, 226–29

and international trade, 2, 3, 4–5, 6, 7–8, 9, 11, 23, 138, 224, 235, 245–46

and labeling of products, 4, 13, 14, 16, 140, 141, 142, 143, 145, 169, 174–75, 193, 194, 197–98, 202–6, 204, 206, 209, 211, 212, 214, 215, 221, 222–26, 224, 226, 236, 238, 239–40, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 273, 274

and legal proceedings, 5, 9, 14, 16, 141, 186, 200, 202, 203, 209, 229, 232, 244

and malnutrition, 139, 142, 146–47, 149, 151–52, 159, 162–65

politics of, 2, 11, 12, 14, 16, 139–42, 153, 159–60, 170, 171, 185, 191, 193, 197, 215, 216, 219, 221, 222, 235, 240–45, 246, 279

promises of, 139, 140, 146–49, 148, 162, 164, 207, 220, 247–48, 278

public benefits of, 220, 223, 225, 246–48, 278

public distrust of, 139, 140, 141, 170–71, 179, 188, 221, 224, 225, 226, 227, 232, 235, 240, 241, 242, 246, 250, 274, 299

and public relations, 153, 154, 159, 160, 163, 166, 201, 212, 232, 235–36, 241, 246–47

religious arguments against, 170–71, 229, 244

risk assessment of

corporate influence on, 142, 186, 189–92

and environmental impact, 179–81, 183–86, 196, 243, 244

and “plant first” policy, 142, 194–95

science-based, 16–17, 19–20, 21, 25, 140, 141, 145, 170, 171, 177–79, 185, 189–92, 201, 217, 242, 246–48

as surrogate for social concerns, 16, 25, 141–42, 171, 176, 221–22, 243

and toxic effects, 3, 151, 180–81, 183–91, 216–18, 243

scientific basis of, 9, 141, 153, 155–59, 158, 299-304

and social factors, 140–43, 162, 165, 170–71, 194, 200, 207, 221, 226, 236, 243, 244, 246–48

and StarLink corn affair, 2–17, 19–20, 21, 22, 25, 30, 43, 139, 142, 173, 175–76, 194, 234

and “terminator” technology, 229–30, 232, 244

and value-based approach, 21, 25, 141, 142, 162, 170–71, 247

and world hunger, 139, 142, 146–47, 149, 151–52, 207, 220, 247, 248, 262–63

See also Genetically