Schaum's Outline of Latin Grammar - Alan Fishbone [10]
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Genitive
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Dative
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Accusative
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Ablative
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Third-Declension Adjectives
Third-declension adjectives take their endings from the third declension.
Depending on the number of forms they show in the nominative singular, they are divided into adjectives of three terminations, two terminations, or one termination.
THREE-TERMINATION ADJECTIVES
aÅcer, aÅcris, aÅcre
sharp
celer, celeris, celere
swift
Given are the nominative singular masculine, feminine, and neuter. The stem is obtained by dropping the ending -is from the feminine nominative singular. They decline as follows:
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CHAPTER 2 The Adjective
Masculine
Feminine
Neuter
Singular
Nom.=voc.
aÅcer
aÅcris
aÅcre
Gen.
aÅcris
aÅcris
aÅcris
Dat.
aÅcrõÅ
aÅcrõÅ
aÅcrõÅ
Acc.
aÅcrem
aÅcrem
aÅcre
Abl.
aÅcrõÅ
aÅcrõÅ
aÅcrõÅ
Plural
Nom.=Voc.
aÅcreÅs
aÅcreÅs
aÅcria
Gen.
aÅcrium
aÅcrium
aÅcrium
Dat.
aÅcribus
aÅcribus
aÅcribus
Acc.
aÅcreÅs, -õÅs
aÅcreÅs, -õÅs
aÅcria
Abl.
aÅcribus
aÅcribus
aÅcribus
Note: Third-declension adjectives decline like i-stem nouns, showing
-ium in the genitive plural
-ia in the nominative and accusative plural neuter
The alternate ending -õÅs in the masculine and feminine accusative plural The ablative singular ending for all genders is -õÅ.
TWO-TERMINATION ADJECTIVES
omnis, omne
every, all
noÅbilis, noÅbile
noble
facilis, facile
easy
grandis, grande
big
Given are the masculine-feminine and neuter singular. This is to say that two-termination adjectives use the same form for the masculine and feminine. The stem is still obtained by removing the ending -is from the feminine (and, in this case, masculine) nominative singular.
They decline as follows:
Masculine=feminine
Neuter
Singular
Nom.=voc.
omnis
omne
Gen.
omnis
omnis
Dat.
omnõÅ
omnõÅ
CHAPTER 2 The Adjective
21
Acc.
omnem
omne
Abl.
omnõÅ
omnõÅ
Plural
Nom.=voc.
omneÅs
omnia
Gen.
omnium
omnium
Dat.
omnibus
omnibus
Acc.
omneÅs, -õÅs
omnia
Abl.
omnibus
omnibus
ONE-TERMINATION ADJECTIVES
simplex, simplicis
simple
audax, audaÅcis
bold
deÅmeÅns, deÅmentis
insane
One-termination adjectives do not distinguish gender at all in the nominative singular. They do, however, distinguish the neuter from the masculine=feminine at other points in the declension.
Given are the nominative and genitive singular for all three genders. The stem is obtained by removing the ending -is from the genitive singular form.
They decline as follows:
Masculine=feminine
Neuter
Singular
Nom.=voc.
audax
audax
Gen.
audaÅcis
audaÅcis
Dat.
audaÅcõÅ
audaÅcõÅ
Acc.
audaÅcem
audax
Abl.
aÅudaÅcõÅ
audaÅcõÅ
Plural
Nom.=voc.
audaÅceÅs
audaÅcia
Gen.
audaÅcium
audaÅcium
Dat.
audaÅcibus
audaÅcibus
Acc.
audaÅceÅs, ±õÅs
audaÅcia
Abl.
audaÅcibus
audaÅcibus
Exercises
3. Choose the correct form of noÅbilis, noÅbile to modify the following nouns. (If there is more than one possibility, give all.) 22
CHAPTER 2 The Adjective
1. reÅgõÅ
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2. urbibus
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3. saxum
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4. puellaÅrum _____________
5. amoÅreÅs
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6. bella
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7. animaÅlis _____________
8. specieÅõÅ
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9. rem
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10. poeÅtaÅs
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4. Fully decline the following phrases:
1. puella deÅmeÅns
Singular
Plural
Nominative=vocative
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Genitive
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Dative
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Accusative
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Ablative
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2. reÅs facilis
Singular
Plural
Nominative=vocative
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Genitive
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Dative
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Accusative
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Ablative
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5. Choose the correct forms of the adjectives malus, -a, -um and grandis,
-e to agree with the following nouns:
malus
grandis
1. avaÅritiae
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2. f