Schaum's Outline of Latin Grammar - Alan Fishbone [13]
my
tuus, tua, tuum
your
noster, nostra, nostrum
our
vester, vestra, vestrum
your (pl.)
suus, sua, suum
his, her, their
These conjugate as regular ®rst-second-declension adjectives.
CHAPTER 3 Pronouns and Adjectives
29
Personal and re¯exive pronouns do not show gender in themselves, though they will in context when modi®ed by adjectives.
There are other pronouns, however, that do refer speci®cally to nouns. Since Latin nouns show gender, number, and case, so will these pronouns. This makes them much closer to adjectives. In fact, with the exception of personal and re¯exive pronouns, Latin pronouns are adjectivesÐor rather, they are words that can be either adjective or pronoun, depending on their usage.
If they modify nounsÐthat is, appear with them, agreeing in gender, number, and caseÐthen they are adjectives. If they only refer to them, without the nouns appearing with them, they are pronouns.
In some cases, there are slight differences of declension corresponding to these differences of usage.
Demonstratives
The demonstrative pronouns=adjectives point out something: hic, haec, hoc
this
ille, illa, illud
that
is, ea, id
this, that (unemphatic)
õÅdem, eadem, idem
the same
iste, ista, istud
that2
ipse, ipsa, ipsum
self
They decline the same way whether used as adjectives or pronouns: Singular
Plural
Masc.
Fem.
Neuter
Masc.
Fem.
Neuter
Nom. hic
haec
hoc
hõÅ
hae
haec
Gen. huius
huius
huius
hoÅrum
haÅrum
hoÅrum
Dat. huic
huic
huic
hõÅs
hõÅs
hõÅs
Acc. hunc
hanc
hoc
hoÅs
haÅs
haec
Abl. hoÅc
haÅc
hoÅc
hõÅs
hõÅs
hõÅs
Nom. ille
illa
illud
illõÅ
illae
illa
Gen. illõÅus
illõÅus
illõÅus
illoÅrum
illaÅrum
illoÅrum
Dat. illõÅ
illõÅ
illõÅ
illõÅs
illõÅs
illõÅs
Acc. illum
illam
illud
illoÅs
illaÅs
illa
Abl. illoÅ
illaÅ
illoÅ
illõÅs
illõÅs
illõÅs
Nom. is
ea
id
eõÅ, iõÅ
eae
ea
Gen. eÅius
eÅius
eÅius
eoÅrum
eaÅrum
eoÅrum
2 This demonstrative often implies contempt.
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CHAPTER 3 Pronouns and Adjectives
Dat. eõÅ
eõÅ
eõÅ
eõÅs, iõÅs
eõÅs, iõÅs
eõÅs, iõÅs
Acc. eum
eam
id
eoÅs
eaÅs
ea
Abl. eoÅ
eaÅ
eoÅ
eõÅs, iõÅs
eõÅs, iõÅs
eõÅs, iõÅs
Nom. õÅdem
eadem idem
eõÅdem=
eaedem
eadem
õÅdem
Gen. eÅiusdem eÅiusdem eÅiusdem
eoÅrundem eaÅrundem eoÅrundem
Dat. eõÅdem
eõÅdem
eõÅdem
eõÅsdem=
eõÅsdem=
eõÅsdem=
õÅsdem
õÅsdem
õÅsdem
Acc. eundem eandem idem
eoÅsdem
eaÅsdem
eadem
Abl. eoÅdem eaÅdem eoÅdem
eõÅsdem=
eõÅsdem=
eõÅsdem=
õÅsdem
õÅsdem
õÅsdem
Nom. iste
ista
istud
istõÅ
istae
ista
Gen. istõÅus
istõÅus
istõÅus
istoÅrum
istaÅrum
istoÅrum
Dat. istõÅ
istõÅ
istõÅ
istõÅs
istõÅs
istõÅs
Acc. istum
istam
istud
istoÅs
istaÅs
ista
Abl. istoÅ
istaÅ
istoÅ
istõÅs
istõÅs
istõÅs
Nom. ipse
ipsa
ipsum
ipsõÅ
ipsae
ipsa
Gen. ipsõÅus
ipsõÅus
ipsõÅus
ipsoÅrum
ipsaÅrum
ipsoÅrum
Dat. ipsõÅ
ipsõÅ
ipsõÅ
ipsõÅs
ipsõÅs
ipsõÅs
Acc. ipsum
ipsam
ipsum
ipsoÅs
ipsaÅs
ipsa
Abl. ipsoÅ
ipsaÅ
ipsoÅ
ipsõÅs
ipsõÅs
ipsõÅs
Note: Sometimes ipse is called an intensi®er because it intensi®es the force of the word it modi®es:
ego ipse id võÅdõÅ.
I myself saw it.
ego virum ipsum võÅdõÅ.
I saw the man himself.
Exercises
3. Supply the correct form of the demonstrative adjective in parentheses to agree with the following nouns:
1. _____________ puella (hic, haec, hoc)
2. _____________ montem (ille, illa, illud)
3. _____________ urbium (is, ea, id)
4. _____________ reÅs (ipse, ipsa, ipsum)
5. _____________ fõÅlioÅrum (õÅdem, eadem, idem)
6. _____________ ventõÅs (hic, haec, hoc)
7. _____________ reÅgis (is, ea, id)
8. _____________ fruÅctibus (ille, illa, illud)
CHAPTER 3 Pronouns and Adjectives
31
9. _____________ terraÅs (õÅdem, eadem, idem)
10. _____________ võÅs (ipse, ipsa, ipsum)
4. Translate the following phrases:
1. illa reÅgõÅna
_____________
2. voÅs ipsõÅ
_____________
3. õÅdem ventus
_____________
4. hae puellae
_____________
5. illa saxa
_____________
6. ille võÅvit
_____________
7. ipsa venit
_____________
8. illa ipsa venit
_____________
9.