Schaum's Outline of Latin Grammar - Alan Fishbone [18]
3rd
amaÅbit
teneÅbit
dõÅcet
capiet
audiet
Plur.
1st
amaÅbimus
teneÅbimus
dõÅceÅmus
capieÅmus
audieÅmus
2nd
amaÅbitis
teneÅbitis
dõÅceÅtis
capieÅtis
audieÅtis
3rd
amaÅbunt
teneÅbunt
dõÅcent
capient
audient
teneÅbunt
they will have
dõÅceÅmus
we will say
Notes:
In the ®rst and second conjugations, the ®rst-person singular uses the ending -oÅ.
The -i- of -bi- is absorbed into the -oÅ.
In the third and fourth conjugations, the ®rst-person singular uses -m. The vowel
-eÅ- changes to -aÅ- (short before ®nal -m).
In third-person plural the -i- of -bi- changes to -u- before -nt.
FUTURE INDICATIVE PASSIVE
The same stem alterations are used with the passive personal endings: Sing. 1st
amaÅbor
teneÅbor
dõÅcar
capiar
audiar
2nd amaÅberis
teneÅberis
dõÅceÅris
capieÅris
audieÅris
amaÅbere
teneÅbere
diceÅre
capieÅre
audieÅre
3rd
amaÅbitur
teneÅbitur
dõÅceÅtur
capieÅtur
audieÅtur
Plur.
1st
amaÅbimur
teneÅbimur
dõÅceÅmur
capieÅmur
audieÅmur
2nd amaÅbiminõÅ
teneÅbiminõÅ
dõÅceÅminõÅ capieÅminõÅ audieÅminõÅ
3rd
amaÅbuntur teneÅbuntur dicentur capientur audientur amaÅbor
I will be loved
capieÅminõÅ
you (pl.) will be captured
Note: The i of -bi- changes to e before -ris and -re, and to u before -ntur.
Exercises
7. Conjugate the following verbs in the future indicative active.
1. paroÅ, paraÅre, paraÅvõÅ, paraÅtus
Singular
Plural
1st
_____________
_____________
CHAPTER 4 The Verb
45
2nd
_____________
_____________
3rd
_____________
_____________
2. duÅcoÅ, duÅcere, duÅxõÅ, ductus
Singular
Plural
1st
_____________
_____________
2nd
_____________
_____________
3rd
_____________
_____________
8. Conjugate the following verbs in the future indicative passive.
1. impleoÅ, impleÅre, impleÅvõÅ, impleÅtus
Singular
Plural
1st
_____________
_____________
2nd
_____________
_____________
3rd
_____________
_____________
2. audioÅ, audõÅre, audõÅvõÅ, audõÅtus
Singular
Plural
1st
_____________
_____________
2nd
_____________
_____________
3rd
_____________
_____________
9. Identify the following forms according to person, number, and voice.
Then translate.
1. paraÅbis
________________________________
2. impleÅboÅ
________________________________
3. duÅceÅmur
________________________________
4. audieÅtur
________________________________
5. pellam
________________________________
6. paraÅbuntur
________________________________
7. habeÅbitis
________________________________
8. pelleÅmus
________________________________
9. impleÅbere
________________________________
10. duÅceÅminõÅ
________________________________
PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE ACTIVE
To form the present subjunctive, the present stem for each conjugation must change its vowel.
1st
2nd
3rd
3rd i-stem
4th
ameÅ-
teneaÅ-
dicaÅ-
capiaÅ-
audiaÅ-
Then the personal endings are added.
46
CHAPTER 4 The Verb
Sing.
1st
amem
teneam
dõÅcam
capiam
audiam
2nd
ameÅs
teneaÅs
dõÅcaÅs
capiaÅs
audiaÅs
3rd
amet
teneat
dicat
capiat
audiat
Plur.
1st
ameÅmus
teneaÅmus
dõÅcaÅmus
capiaÅmus
audiaÅmus
2nd
ameÅtis
teneaÅtis
dõÅcaÅtis
capiaÅtis
audiaÅtis
3rd
ament
teneant
dicant
capiant
audiant
Note: The ®rst-person singular uses the ending -m.
In the third and fourth conjugations, ®rst-person singular is identical to the same form of the future indicative.
PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE PASSIVE
The same stem alterations are used with the passive personal endings: Sing.
1st
amer
tenear
dõÅcar
capiar
audiar
2nd
ameÅris
teneaÅris
dõÅcaÅris
capiaÅtis
audiaÅtis
ameÅre
teneaÅre
dõÅcaÅre
capiaÅre
audiaÅre
3rd
ameÅtur
teneaÅtur
dõÅcaÅtur
capiaÅtur
audiaÅtur
Plur.
1st
ameÅmur
teneaÅmur
dõÅcaÅmur
capiaÅmur
audiaÅmur
2nd
ameÅminõÅ
teneaÅminõÅ
dõÅcaÅminõÅ
capiaÅminõÅ
audiaÅminõÅ
3rd
amentur
teneantur
dõÅcantur
capiantur
audiantur
The following is perhaps a helpful mnemonic device for remembering the vowel changes for the formation of the present subjunctive: 1st
2nd
3rd
3rd i-stem
4th
hEÅ
wEAÅrs
AÅ
gIA