• Choose a category
• All
• Classic-Fiction

ravens and, 64–66

on sap lick, 152

balsam fir trees

leaf retention, 214

self-protection, 126

bamboo, 212–13

Bartholomew, George, 160

basswood trees, 16

beaked hazel trees, 19, 23

bears, 214

beavers

bog creation, 24

at end of winter, 1

in fall, 224

beech trees, 16

bees

flower specialization, 86

hornets and, 171

increasing rarity of Bombus terricola, 206–7, 209

in late winter, 5

nesting, 23, 73–74

beetles

decay and, 153–54, 154

heat and lack of moisture and, 164–66, 164, 165

sugar maples and, 127

Belvosia bifasciata fly, 134

Bervan, Keith A., 37–38

biological clock mechanisms, end of winter and, 11–13

biological control of insects, damage done by, 121–22

birches, yellow-bellied sapsuckers’ tapping of, 147–49, 150

birds

behavior mechanisms, 68–69

caterpillar leaf damage and feeding, 83–90

communication, 26–27

DDT and, 208–9

in fall, 223–25, 227–29

migration by stars, 8–9

nesting in spring, 23–26

perpetual summer and, 183

photoperiods and, 227

preadaptation to lack of water, 162–63

preparation for summer, 9–10

sexual selection, 190

in spring, 45–55

use of bald-faced hornet nest paper, 62–65, 63

in winter, 14–15

bitflies, 139

bitterns, 26

black ants (Formica fusca), 193–200, 194

black beetles, 153

black cherry trees, 216

blackflies, 136–37, 139

black spruce trees, 206

bloodroot plants, 21–22, 23

blooming

leafing and budding of trees, 14–20, 15, 17

of spring flowers in fall, 223–24

timing of, 212–14

bluebirds, 225

blue jays

calling, 7–8

nesting, 23

blue mud dauber wasp (Chalybion californucum), 72–73, 73, 74

blue violets (Viola sororia), 224, 229

body lice (Pediculus humanus corporis), 186

Boettner, George H., 121

bogs, 24, 205–6

Bombus terricola bees, 206–7, 209

Bombyx mori moths, 116

braconoid wasp cocoons, 202, 202

Brain, C. K., 164

breast cancer, DDT and, 209

bunchberry plants (Cornus canadensis), 225, 226, 227

Bünning, Erwin, 12

butterflies, 78. See also caterpillars

ants and, 77–81

Dynastes darius chrysalis, 103

in spring, 23

C

cactus, 168

Calosamia promethea moths

cocoons, 111, 115–18, 120

collapse of population, 118–22

Camponotus inflatus ants, 168–69

Canada geese, 24–25

cannibalism, of wood frogs, 41–43

caribou

bitflies and, 139

mosquitoes and, 135

Carnegiea gigantea cactus, 168

Casey, Timothy, 67

Cataglyphis ants, 172–73, 173

catbirds, 69

caterpillars

coloration and solar energy, 102–3

developmental plasticity, 97–105, 100, 101, 103

diversity of and “search image,” 86–87

leaf cutting, 83–90

leaf rolling, 90–95, 94

Catocala moths, 87–88

cecropia moths (Hyalophora cecropia), 108–11, 111

Ceratomia undulosa moths, 202, 202

Chalybion californucum wasps, 72–73, 73, 74

chestnut-sided warbler, nests of, 69

chickens, 227

chipmunks, 224

chlorophyll, 211

cicadas, 169, 170–71

Citellus lateralis squirrels, 14

club mosses (Lycopodia), 177

coffins, as renewal preventers, 155–57

Collins, Scott, 88

coltsfoot, 23

Compsilura concinnata fly, 121

constellations, bird migration and, 8–9

Cornus canadensis plants, 225, 226, 227

cowbirds, 54–55

Cowles, Raymond “Doc,” 160–63

coyotes, 153, 155

Crackle, 45–46, 203–4

crane flies, 130–32, 133

cranesbill (Geranium maculatum), 224

crocuses, 21, 22–23

Cyclorana platycephala frog, 168

D

dandelions, 223

deaths and resurrections, 153–57

dermestid beetles, 154

Desert Journal (Cowles), 161–62

deserts, 175–76

adaptation to extremes of temperature and moisture, 160–73

tenebrionid beetles, 164–66, 164, 165

Welwitschia mirabilis, 178–81, 178

developmental plasticity, of caterpillars, 97–105, 100, 101, 103

Dibrachys boucheanus wasp, 112

Diceroprocta apache cicada, 169, 170–71

dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), 208

dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), 208–9

diptera “two wing” true flies, 134

disguise, hornworm developmental plasticity and, 97