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The Believing Brain - Michael Shermer [200]

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Tversky and Daniel Kahneman, “Availability: A Heuristic for Judging Frequency and Probability,” in Kahneman, Slovic, and Tversky, Judgment Under Uncertainty, 163.

28. Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman, “Extension Versus Intuititve Reasoning: The Conjunction Fallacy in Probability Judgment,” Psychological Review 90 (1983): 293–315.

29. Daniel J. Simons and Christopher Chabris, “Gorillas in Our Midst: Sustained Inattentional Blindness for Dynamic Events,” Perception 28 (1999): 1059–74. You can watch the video clip at http://viscog.beckman.uiuc.edu/djs_lab/.

30. Emily Pronin, D. Y. Lin, and L. Ross, “The Bias Blind Spot: Perceptions of Bias in Self Versus Others,” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 28 (2002): 369–81.

31. Peter Brugger and Kirsten I. Taylor, “ESP: Extrasensory Perception or Effect of Subjective Probability?” Journal of Consciousness Studies 10 (2003): 221–46. Brugger and Taylor demonstrate, in their words: “(1) as human subjects’ guesses are highly nonrandom and (2) as no finite sequence of target alternatives is free of bias, above-chance matching of guesses to targets simply reflects the amount of sequential information common to both target and guess sequences.”

32. Robert R. Coveyou, “Random Generation Is Too Important to Be Left to Chance,” Applied Mathematics 3 (1969): 70–111.

Chapter 13: Geographies of Belief

1. John K. Wright, “Terrae Incognitae: The Place of the Imagination in Geography,” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 37, no. 1 (1947): 1–15.

2. William D. Phillips and Carla Rahn Phillips, The Worlds of Christopher Columbus (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1992).

3. Christopher Columbus, The Four Voyages: Being His Own Log-Book, Letters and Dispatches with Connecting Narratives, ed. and trans. J. M. Cohen (New York: Penguin Classics, 1992).

4. Peter C. Mancall, Travel Narratives from the Age of Discovery: An Anthology (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006); Ronald S. Love, Maritime Exploration in the Age of Discovery, 1415–1800 (New York: Greenwood Press, 2006).

5. Nicholas Thomas, Cook: The Extraordinary Voyages of Captain James Cook (New York: Walker and Company, 2004).

6. Quoted in Giorgio de Santillana, The Crime of Galileo (New York: Time Inc., 1962), 28.

7. Quoted in Mario Biagioli, Galileo Courtier: The Practice of Science in the Culture of Absolutism (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993), 236.

8. Quoted in De Santillana, Crime of Galileo.

9. For a recounting of Galileo’s trials and tribulations with the church, see Richard Olson, Science Deified and Science Defied (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1982); and A. C. Crombie, Augustine to Galileo (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1979).

10. Quoted in Maurice Finocchiaro, ed. and trans., The Galileo Affair: A Documentary History (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989).

11. Quoted in De Santillana, Crime of Galileo, 312.

12. Ronald Numbers, ed., Galileo Goes to Jail: And Other Myths About Science and Religion (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2009).

13. Additional scholarly works on Galileo, the trial, and his relationship with the church include: Rivka Feldhay, Galileo and the Church (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1995); Annibale Fantoli, Galileo: For Copernicanism and for the Church (Vatican City: Vatican Observatory Publications, 2003); William R. Shea and Mariano Artigas, Galileo in Rome (New York: Oxford University Press, 2003); Ernan McMullin, ed., The Church and Galileo (Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 2005); Mario Biagioli, Galileo’s Instruments of Credit (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2006); and Richard J. Blackwell, Behind the Scenes at Galileo’s Trial (Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 2006).

14. Pope John Paul II, “Fidei Depositum,” L’Osservatore Romano 44, no. 1264 (November 4, 1992).

15. Quoted in Edwin Arthur Burtt, The Metaphysical Foundations of Modern Science (New York: Doubleday, 1954), 83.

16. Quoted in I. Bernard Cohen, Revolution in Science (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University

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