The Chinese in America - Iris Chang [232]
256 Information on Cameron House in the 1950s: Author interview with Harry Chuck at Cameron House, March 17, 1999.
257 ”many of my peers strove to be all-American”: Judy Yung, Unbound Feet, p. 287.
257 passed an anti-gambling law: Ben Fong-Torres, The Rice Room: Growing Up Chinese-American: From Number Two Son to Rock’n‘Roll (New York: Plume, 1995), p. 53.
257 New York State Housing Survey: L. Ling-chi Wang, p. 515.
257 Information on William Chew: Author interview with Bill Chew; Chew’s unpublished manuscript in his private collection.
258 the ”Chinese Rockefeller of Hawaii”: Burt A. Folkart, ”Known as ‘Chinese Rockefeller’ of the Islands; Hawaii Multimillionaire Chinn Ho Dies,” Los Angeles Times, May 14, 1987.
258 Information on Delbert Wong: Interview with Delbert Wong, interview #59, Southern California Chinese American Oral History Project; Sam Chu Lin, ”Historical Society Commemorates WWII 50th Anniversary,” Asian Week, November 11, 1994; K. Connie Kang, ”From China to California, a Six-Generation Saga: One Family’s Milestones and Challenges Tell the Story of a Changing World,” Los Angeles Times, June 29, 1997; Lillian Lim, ”Chinese American Trailblazers in the Law.”
258 Median family income of $6,207: Betty Lee Sung, p. 128.
259 $5,660: Ibid., p. 128.
259 ruled unconstitutional the real estate convenants: Ben Fong-Torres, p. 52. Yet many of the social barriers would remain. When future Nobel laureate C. N. Yang tried to purchase a house in Princeton, New Jersey, in 1954, the seller abruptly returned his down payment, telling Yang that the transaction would hurt his business. (Zhenning Yang, Forty Years of Learning and Teaching [Hong Kong: Sanlian Publishing House, 1985], pp. 11-12.)
259 moved in furtively: Rodney Chow interview, interview #149, Southern California Chinese American Oral History Project.
259 ”The first night, they broke my windows”: Interview with Lancing F. Lee, Southern California Chinese American Oral History Project.
260 ”the only Asian family”: Interview with Alice Young, Nightline, ABC News, June 28, 1999.
260 nationwide study recorded twenty-eight American cities with Chinatowns: Betty Lee Sung, The Story of the Chinese in America, p. 144.
260 fallen to sixteen: Ibid., p. 144.
Chapter Fifteen. New Arrivals, New Lives: The Chaotic 1960s
263 seventy thousand people: Nicholas D. Kristof, ”Hong Kong, Wary of China, Sees Its Middle Class Fleeing,” New York Times, November 9,1987.
264 only a token 105 Chinese: H. Brett Melendy, Chinese and Japanese Americans, p. 66.
264 Thanks to special legislation: For details of the Refugee Relief Act of 1953 and legislation for immigrants with special skills, see L. Ling-chi Wang, ”Politics of Assimilation and Repression: History of the Chinese in the United States, 1940-1970,” unpublished manuscript, Asian American Studies Collection, Ethnic Studies Library, University of California at Berkeley.
264 threw up barbed wire: Betty Lee Sung, pp. 92-93.
264 presidential directive: Victor G. and Brett de Bary Nee, Longtime Californ‘, p. 254.
264 some fifteen thousand Chinese refugees: Betty Lee Sung, p. 93.
265 ”no basis in either logic or reason”: John F. Kennedy, Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964), pp. 594-97.
265 Statistics and political quotes regarding the Hart-Celler Act, or 1965 Immigration Act: ”Three Decades of Mass Immigration: The Legacy of the 1965 Immigration Act,” Immigration Review, No. 3-95, September 1995.
266 Lillian Sing: Testimony of Lillian Sing, ”Chinese in San Francisco—1970.” Employment Problems of the Community as Presented in Testimony Before the California Fair Employment Practice Commission, December 1970, p. 15. As cited in Stanford Lyman, Chinese Americans, p. 143.
266 1969 San Francisco Human Rights Commission: Victor G. and Brett de Bary Nee, pp. 302-3; Cheng-Tsu Wu, ed., ”Chink!,” p. 241.
267 ”It’s really amazing how the Chinese exploit themselves”: Ronald Takaki, Strangers