The Fiery Trial_ Abraham Lincoln and American Slavery - Eric Foner [231]
60. Liberator, July 13, 1860; Christopher R. Reed, Black Chicago’s First Century (Columbia, Mo., 2005–), 1: 105; New York Journal of Commerce, October 11, 1859.
61. North Star, June 13, 1850; Foner, Life and Writings of Frederick Douglass, 2: 490; CW, 3: 399; 4: 504.
62. CW, 2: 222–23.
63. CW, 2: 521; Dorothy Ross, “Lincoln and the Ethics of Emancipation: Universalism, Nationalism, Exceptionalism,” JAH, 96 (September 2009), 391.
64. New York Herald, January 12, 1860.
65. Foner, Free Soil, 268–72; Francis P. Blair Jr., The Destiny of the Races of This Continent (Washington, D.C., 1859), 5–8, 23–27; William E. Parrish, Frank Blair: Lincoln’s Conservative (Columbia, Mo., 1998), 66–68, 80; Francis P. Blair to Henry Ward Beecher, January 15, 1857 (draft), Blair-Lee Papers, Princeton University; CG, 35th Congress, 1st Session, 293–98.
66. Foner, Free Soil, 270; New York Tribune, July 3, 1858; Chicago Press and Tribune, March 4 and May 3, 1860; Address of Montgomery Blair to the Maryland State Republican Convention (Washington, D.C., 1860), 7.
67. Blair, Destiny of the Races, 24; Sharon H. Strom, “Labor, Race, and Colonization: Imagining a Post-Slavery World in the Americas,” in Steven Mintz and John Stauffer, eds., The Problem of Evil: Slavery, Freedom, and the Ambiguities of American Reform (Amherst, Mass., 2007), 264; Robert May, Manifest Destiny’s Underworld: Filibustering in Antebellum America (Chapel Hill, 2002); Matthew P. Guterl, American Mediterranean: Southern Slaveholders in the Age of Emancipation (Cambridge, Mass., 2008), 53; CG, 35th Congress, 1st Session, 293; Nicholas B. Wainwright, ed., A Philadelphia Perspective: The Diary of Sidney George Fisher Covering the Years 1834–1871 (Philadelphia, 1967), 369.
68. Parrish, Frank Blair, 80; William W. Freehling, The Road to Disunion: Secessionists Triumphant, 1854–1861 (New York, 2007), 327.
69. Chicago Press and Tribune, October 7, 1858; Richard H. Sewell, Ballots for Freedom: Antislavery Politics in the United States, 1837–1860 (New York, 1976), 185; Foner, Free Soil, 276–78; James D. Bilotta, Race and the Rise of the Republican Party, 1848–1865 (New York, 1992), 114–16; CG, 36th Congress, 1st Session, 60–61; Charles Sumner to James Russell Lowell, December 14, 1857, James Russell Lowell Papers, Houghton Library, Harvard University.
70. CG, 36th Congress, 1st Session, appendix, 154–55; D. R. Tilden to Benjamin F. Wade, March 27, 1860, Benjamin F. Wade Papers, LC; Charles Francis Adams Diary, January 26, 1859, Adams Family Papers, Massachusetts Historical Society.
71. New York Tribune, March 10, 1856; Foner, Free Soil, 120–23; National Era, August 14, 1856; William H. Seward to James Watson Webb, October 1, 1858, William H. Seward Papers, Rush Rhees Library, University of Rochester; Chicago Press and Tribune, May 31, 1860; CG, 36th Congress, 1st Session, appendix, 51.
72. St. Louis Globe-Democrat, August 26, 1894; CW, 2: 131–32, 255–56, 298–99; 3: 15; African Repository, 34 (April 1858), 122.
73. CW, 2: 409.
74. Catherine Clinton, Mrs. Lincoln: A Life (New York, 2009), 128; Francis P. Blair Jr. to Francis P. Blair, February 18, 1857, Blair Family Papers, LC; Newton, Lincoln and Herndon, 113–14; CW, 2: 409–10; William E. Smith, The Francis Preston Blair Family in Politics (2 vols.; New York, 1933), 1: 414–17; Wickliffe Kitchell to Lincoln, June 14, 1858; Lyman Trumbull to Lincoln, June 12, 1858, both in ALP; Parrish, Frank Blair, 73–74.
75. Walter B. Stevens, “Lincoln and Missouri,” Missouri Historical Review, 10 (January 1916), 68; CW, 2: 298–99; 3: 233–34.
76. Vincent Harding, There Is a River: The Black Struggle for Freedom in America (New York, 1981), 173–87; State Convention of the Colored Citizens of Ohio (Oberlin, 1849), 8; Floyd J. Miller, The Search for a Black Nationality: Black Emigration and Colonization, 1787–1863 (Urbana, Ill., 1975), 190–93, 268; “Thoughts on Hayti,” by James T. Holly, which ran monthly in the