The Fiery Trial_ Abraham Lincoln and American Slavery - Eric Foner [238]
22. John C. Frémont to Lincoln, July 30, 1861, ALP; Frederick J. Blue, No Taint of Compromise: Crusaders in Antislavery Politics (Baton Rouge, 2005), 256; Paludan, Presidency, 86–88.
23. Carnahan, Act of Justice, 7–8, 12–13, 16–18; David Herbert Donald, “We Are Lincoln Men”: Abraham Lincoln and His Friends (New York, 2003), 58; Joshua F. Speed to Lincoln, May 19, 1860, and September 1 and 3, 1861; Robert Anderson to Lincoln, September 13, 1861; J. F. Bullitt et al. to Lincoln, September 13, 1861, all in ALP; CP, 3: 92–93.
24. Paludan, Presidency, 125; CW, 4: 506, 518; Montgomery Blair to Lincoln, September 4, 1861, ALP; Pamela Herr and Mary Lee Spence, eds., The Letters of Jessie Benton Frémont (Urbana, Ill., 1993), 245–46. In her recollection of the meeting written in 1891, Frémont also claimed that Lincoln remarked that the war was for the Union and her husband “should never have dragged the negro” into it. Ibid., 264–67.
25. Charles A. Jellison, Fessenden of Maine (Syracuse, 1962), 138; John Bigelow, Retrospections of an Active Life (5 vols.; New York, 1909–13), 1: 362–63; William Salter, The Life of James W. Grimes (New York, 1876), 153; Brownson, Works of Orestes A. Brownson, 17: 173–74; Frank Freidel, ed., Union Pamphlets of the Civil War, 1861–1865 (2 vols.; Cambridge, Mass., 1967), 1: 162–63.
26. James M. McPherson, Tried by War: Abraham Lincoln as Commander in Chief (New York, 2008), 52; New York Herald, October 6, 1861; New York Times, September 16, 1861; Henry Jones to Lincoln, September 24, 1861; Charles Reed to Lincoln, September 24, 1861; W. McCaully to Lincoln, September 20, 1861, all in ALP.
27. John L. Scripps to Lincoln, September 23, 1861, ALP.
28. Orville H. Browning to Lincoln, September 17, 1861, ALP; CW, 4: 531.
29. Michael Burlingame, ed., Dispatches from Lincoln’s White House: The Anonymous Civil War Journalism of Presidential Secretary William O. Stoddard (Lincoln, Neb., 2002), 33–34.
30. Springfield Weekly Republican, September 21, 1861; Walter M. Merrill, ed., The Letters of William Lloyd Garrison (6 vols.; Cambridge, Mass., 1971–81), 5: 17, 35; Liberator, September 20, 1861; Weekly Anglo-African, September 22, 1861; Benjamin F. Wade to Zachariah Chandler, September 23, 1861, Zachariah Chandler Papers, LC.
31. James M. McPherson, The Struggle for Equality: Abolitionists and the Negro in the Civil War and Reconstruction (Princeton, 1964), 51–63, 75–80; Freidel, Union Pamphlets, 1: 102–4; William Dusinberre, Civil War Issues in Philadelphia, 1856–1865 (Philadelphia, 1965), 131–33; David Donald, Charles Sumner and the Rights of Man (New York, 1970), 15–16, 29; The Works of Charles Sumner (15 vols.; Boston, 1870–83), 6: 12, 38–39, 56; Richard W. Thompson to Lincoln, October 6, 1861, ALP.
32. George Bancroft to Lincoln, November 15, 1861, ALP; CW, 5: 26.
33. J. Thomas Scharf, History of Delaware, 1609–1888 (2 vols.; Philadelphia, 1888), 1: 329–30; William H. Williams, Slavery and Freedom in Delaware, 1639–1865 (Wilmington, 1996), xiii–xvii, 88–89, 173; Patience Essah, A House Divided: Slavery and Emancipation in Delaware, 1638–1865 (Charlottesville, 1996), 6, 105–11; CG, 36th Congress, 2nd Session, 1488.
34. Williams, Slavery and Freedom, 174–75; H. Clay Reed, “Lincoln’s Compensated Emancipation Plan and Its Relation to Delaware,” Delaware Notes, 7 (1931), 38–40; CW, 5: 29–30.
35. Margaret M. R. Kellow, “Conflicting Imperatives: Black and White American Abolitionists Debate Slave Redemption,” in Kwame A. Appiah and Martin Bunzl, eds., Buying Freedom: The Ethics and Economics of Slave Redemption (Princeton, 2007), 200–12; Baltimore Sun, May 29, 1862.
36. Peter Tolis, Elihu Burritt: Crusader for Brotherhood (Hamden, Conn., 1968), 245–61; Chicago Tribune, August 27, 1857; Merle Curti, ed., The Learned Blacksmith: The Letters and Journals of Elihu Burritt (New York, 1937), 118–21.
37. Stanley Harrold, The Abolitionists and the South, 1831–1861 (Lexington, Ky., 1995), 119, 129; Daniel