The Fiery Trial_ Abraham Lincoln and American Slavery - Eric Foner [244]
38. Robert Patterson to James R. Doolittle, April 15, 1862, James R. Doolittle Papers, LC; CG, 37th Congress, 2nd Session, Appendix, 95.
39. James Mitchell, Report on Colonization and Emigration (Washington, D.C., 1862), 5; CG, 37th Congress, 2nd Session, 1815, 2536; Henry G. Pearson, The Life of John A. Andrew (2 vols.; Boston, 1904), 2: 8; Brenda G. Plummer, Haiti and the United States: The Psychological Moment (Athens, Ga., 1992), 45–46; Alfred N. Hunt, Haiti’s Influence on Antebellum America (Baton Rouge, 1988), 186.
40. CG, 37th Congress, 2nd Session, 944–46, 1605–6; James C. Conkling to Lyman Trumbull, December 16, 1861; Amherst Miller to Trumbull, January 24, 1862; W. W. Wright to Trumbull, July 7, 1862, all in LTP.
41. CG, 37th Congress, 2nd Session, 348, 441, 1107, 1631–34, 2301; appendix, 322; New York Times, April 17, 1862.
42. Leonard P. Richards, “Gentlemen of Property and Standing”: Anti-Abolition Mobs in Jacksonian America (New York, 1970), 27–29; James L. Crouthamel, James Watson Webb (Middletown, Conn., 1969), 173; Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, 704; Mitchell, Report on Colonization, 8–9.
43. Ambrose Thompson to Lincoln, April 25, 1862, ALP; Caleb B. Smith to Robert Murray, April 25, 1862; Smith to Lincoln, May 9, 1862, both in Letters Sent, September 8, 1858–February 1, 1872, RG 48, NA; WD, 1: 150–51; CW, 4: 547; James Mitchell to J. P. Usher, January 21, 1864, Communication Relating to Rev. James Mitchell, RG 48, NA. On Mitchell, see Mark E. Neely Jr., “Colonization and the Myth That Lincoln Prepared the People for Emancipation,” in William A. Blair and Karen F. Younger, eds., Lincoln’s Proclamation: Emancipation Reconsidered (Chapel Hill, 2009), 58–60.
44. Lowell Daily Citizen and News, June 16, 1862; James Mitchell to Lincoln, July 1, 1862, ALP; Pacific Appeal, September 20, 1862; Mitchell, Report on Colonization, 5.
45. Daniel A. Payne, Recollections of Seventy Years (Nashville, 1888), 146–48; African Repository, 38 (August 1862), 243. This is one of those rare letters by Lincoln that has almost never been quoted or cited. As far as I can ascertain, it is not included in any edition of his writings and the only book to have quoted it is Gregory U. Rigsby, Alexander Crummell: Pioneer in Nineteenth-Century Pan-African Thought (New York, 1987), 117–18.
46. CW, 5: 370–75; New York Times, August 15, 1862. James Oakes calls the meeting “a low point in his presidency.” James Oakes, The Radical and the Republican: Frederick Douglass, Abraham Lincoln, and the Triumph of Antislavery Politics (New York, 2007), 194.
47. Edward M. Thomas to Lincoln, August 12, 1862, ALP; John Bigelow, Retrospections of an Active Life (5 vols.; New York, 1909–13), 1: 546; CP, 1: 362; Douglass’ Monthly, 5 (October 1862), 722–23; Christian Recorder, September 27, 1862; New York Times, October 3, 1862; C. Peter Ripley et al., eds., The Black Abolitionist Papers (5 vols.; Chapel Hill, 1985–93), 5: 152.
48. Douglass’ Monthly, 5 (September 1862), 705–7; Philip S. Foner, ed., The Life and Writings of Frederick Douglass (5 vols.; New York, 1950–73), 4: 313.
49. London Daily News in Christian Recorder, November 1, 1862; National Anti-Slavery Standard, August 20, 1862; Neely, “Colonization,” 49–51; V. Jacque Voegeli, Free but Not Equal: The Midwest and the Negro during the Civil War (Chicago, 1967), 34; Chicago Tribune, August 22, 1862.
50. New York Tribune, August 26 and September 15, 1862; Caleb B. Smith to Samuel C. Pomeroy, September 12, 1862, Letters Sent, September 8, 1858–February 1, 1872, RG 48, NA; CG, 37th Congress, 2nd Session, 945; Boston Daily Advertiser, August 26 and 27, 1862; New York Times, August 30, September 13, and October 9, 1862; San Francisco Evening Bulletin, September 26, 1862; 39th Congress, 1st Session, Senate Executive Document 55, 13–16; Duane Mowry, ed., “Negro Colonization: From Doolittle Correspondence,” Publications of the Southern Historical Association, 9 (November 1905), 402; Baltimore Sun, November 5, 1862.
51. CP, 1: 358; New York Evening