The Filter Bubble - Eli Pariser [100]
17 “smaller and smaller and faster and faster”: Thomas Friedman, The Lexus and the Olive Tree (New York: Random House, 2000), 141.
18 “closes the loop on pecuniary self-interest”: Clive Thompson, interview with author, Brooklyn, NY, Aug. 13, 2010.
18 “Customers are always right, but people aren’t”: Lee Siegel, Against the Machine: Being Human in the Age of the Electronic Mob (New York: Spiegel and Grau, 2008), 161.
18 thirty-six hours a week watching TV: “Americans Using TV and Internet Together 35% More Than A Year Ago,” Nielsen Wire, Mar. 22, 2010, accessed Dec. 19, 2010, http://blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/online_mobile/three-screen-report-q409.
19 “civilization of Mind in cyberspace”: John Perry Barlow, “A Cyberspace Independence Declaration,” Feb. 9, 1996, accessed Dec. 19, 2010, http://w2.eff.org/Censorship/Internet_censorship_bills/barlow_0296.declaration.
19 “code is law”: Lawrence Lessig, Code 2.0 (New York: Basic Books, 2006), 5.
Chapter One: The Race for Relevance
21 “If you’re not paying for something”: MetaFilter blog, accessed Dec. 10, 2010, www.metafilter.com/95152/Userdriven-discontent.
22 “vary sex, violence, and political leaning”: Nicholas Negroponte, Being Digital (New York: Knopf, 1995), 46.
22 “the Daily Me”: Ibid., 151.
22 “Intelligent agents are the unequivocal future”: Negroponte, Mar. 1, 1995, e-mail to the editor, Wired.com, Mar. 3, 1995, www.wired.com/wired/archive/3.03/negroponte.html.
23 “The agent question looms”: Jaron Lanier, “Agents of Alienation,” accessed Jan. 30, 2011, www.jaronlanier.com/agentalien.html
24 twenty-five worst tech products: Dan Tynan, “The 25 Worst Tech Products of All Time,” PC World, May 26, 2006, accessed Dec. 10, 2010, www.pcworld.com/article/125772-3/the_25_worst_tech_products_of_all_time.html#bob.
24 invested over $100 million: Dawn Kawamoto, “Newsmaker: Riding the next technology wave,” CNET News, Oct. 2, 2003, accessed Jan. 30, 2011, http://news.cnet.com/2008-7351-5085423.html.
25 “he’s a lot like John Irving”: Robert Spector, Get Big Fast (New York: HarperBusiness, 2000), 142.
25 “small Artificial Intelligence company”: Ibid., 145.
26 surprised to find them at the top: Ibid., 27.
26 Random House, controlled only 10 percent: Ibid., 25.
26 so many of them—3 million active titles: Ibid., 25.
27 They called their field “cybernetics”: Barnabas D. Johnson, “Cybernetics of Society,” The Jurlandia Institute, accessed Jan. 30, 2011, www.jurlandia.org/cybsoc.htm.
27 PARC was known for: Michael Singer, “Google Gobbles Up Outride,” InternetNews.com, Sept. 21, 2001, accessed Dec. 10, 2010, www .internetnews.com/bus-news/article.php/889381/Google-Gobbles-Up-Outride.html.
27 collaborative filtering: Moya K. Mason, “Short History of Collaborative Filtering,” accessed Dec. 10, 2010, www.moyak.com/papers/collaborative-filtering.html.
28 “handle any incoming stream of electronic documents”: David Goldberg, David Nichols, Brian M. Oki, and Douglas Terry, “Using Collaborative Filtering to Weave an Information Tapestry,” Communications of the ACM 35 (1992), 12:61.
28 “sends replies as necessary”: Upendra Shardanand, “Social Information Filtering for Music Recommendation” (graduate diss., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994).
29 fewer health books: Martin Kaste, “Is Your E-Book Reading Up On You?,” NPR.org, Dec. 15, 2010, accessed Feb. 8, 2010, www.npr.org/2010/12/15/132058735/is-your-e-book-reading-up-on-you.
30 as if by an “objective” recommendation: Aaron Shepard, Aiming at Amazon: The NEW Business of Self Publishing, Or How to Publish Your Books with Print on Demand and Online Book Marketing (Friday Harbor, WA: Shepard Publications, 2006), 127.
30 “notion of ‘relevant’ ”: Sergey Brin and Lawrence Page, “The Anatomy of a Large-Scale Hypertextual Web Search Engine,” Section 1.3.1.
31 “advertising causes enough mixed incentives”: Ibid., Section 8, Appendix A.
32 “very difficult to get this data”: Ibid., Section