The Price of Everything - Eduardo Porter [127]
77-78 La Joie de Vivre: The impact of higher taxes and stronger unions on working hours in Europe is discussed in Edward Prescott, “Why Do Americans Work So Much More Than Europeans?,” Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Quarterly Review, Vol. 28, No. 1, July 2004, pp. 2-13; Alberto Alesina, Edward Glaeser, and Bruce Sacerdote, “Work and Leisure in the U.S. and Europe: Why So Different?” NBER Working Paper, April 2005; and Olivier Blanchard, “The Many Dimensions of Work, Leisure, and Employment: Thoughts at the End of the Conference,” comments on papers presented at the Rodolfo DeBenedetti conference on “Are Europeans Lazy, or Are Americans Crazy?” Portovenere, Italy, June 2006. Data on the impact of time use on happiness is from Ronald Inglehart, Roberto Foa, and Christian Welzel, “Social Change, Freedom and Rising Happiness,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Internet Appendix (at www.worldvaluessurvey.org/wvs/articles/folder_published/article_base_106/files/trends.doc, accessed 08/16/2010); “Measuring Leisure in OECD Countries,” in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, op. cit.; and Alan Krueger, Daniel Kahneman, David Schkade, Norbert Schwarz, and Arthur Stone, “National Time Accounting: The Currency of Life,” Princeton University Department of Economics Working Paper, March 2008.
79-86 The Price of Women: Data on the popularity of polygamy through history found in Walter Scheidel, “Monogamy and Polygamy in Greece, Rome, and World History,” Princeton/Stanford Working Papers in Classics, June 2008; Theodore Bergstrom, “Economics in a Family Way,” Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. 34, 1996, pp. 1903-1934; and Gary Becker, A Treatise on the Family , enlarged edition (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1993), p. 81. God’s insistence on King Solomon’s marrying only Hebrew women comes from the Bible, 1 Kings 11:1-2. Support for the genetic basis of polygamy found in M. F. Hammer, F. L. Mendez, M. P. Cox, A. E. Woerner, and J. D. Wall, “Sex-Biased Evolutionary Forces Shape Genomic Patterns of Human Diversity,” PLoS Genetics, Vol. 4, No. 9, 2008 (www.plosgenetics.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pgen.1000202, accessed 08/08/2010). The views of David Hume and Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini on polygamy are found in David Hume, Essays Moral, Political and Literary, Part I, Essay XIX, in The Philosophical Works of David Hume, Vol. 3, edited by Adam Black, William Tait, and Charles Tait, 1826; and Oriana Fallaci, “An Interview with Khomeini,” New York Times Magazine, October 7, 1979. Mating strategies of bonobos and birds can be found in Matt Ridley, The Red Queen (London: Penguin Books, 1993), pp. 203-235. Insights on men and women’s adulterous choices can be found in Lena Edlund, “Marriage: Past, Present, Future?” CESifo Economic Studies, Vol. 52, No. 4, 2006, pp. 621-639. Information on the purpose and prevalence of bride prices can be found in Steven Gaulin and James Boster, “Dowry as Female Competition,” American Anthropologist, Vol. 92, 1992, pp. 994-1005; Monique Borgerhoff Mulder, “Women’s Strategies in Polygamous Marriage,” Human Nature, Vol. 3, No. 1, 1992, pp. 45-70; Monique Borgerhoff Mulder, “Kipsigis Bridewealth Payments,” in Laura Betzig, Monique Borgerhoff Mulder, and Paul Turke, eds., Human Reproductive Behavior (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1988), pp. 65-82; Monique Borgerhoff Mulder, “Bridewealth and Its Correlates: Quantifying Changes over Time,” Current Anthropology, Vol. 36, No. 4, August/October 1995, pp. 573-603. Benefits of banning polygamy are laid out in Michele Tertilt, “Polygyny, Fertility, and Savings,” Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 113, December 2005.