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2009 (Washington, D.C.: National Center for Education Statistics, April 2010) (nces.ed.gov/Programs/digest/, accessed 08/08/2010). Data on men’s and women’s income are from the Census Bureau (www.census.gov/hhes/www/income/data/historical/people/index.html, table p. 5, accessed 08/17/2010). Analysis of the gender gap in labor participation is found in Bureau of Labor Statistics, “Labor Force Statistics from the Current Population Survey” (www.bls.gov/cps, accessed 08/08/2010). The discussion of the gender wage gap draws from Bureau of Labor Statistics, “Women’s to Men’s Earnings Ratio by Age, 2009” (www.bls.gov/opub/ted/2010/ted_20100708_data.htm, accessed 08/08/2010). The discussion about the gender gap among MBA graduates comes from Marianne Bertrand, Claudia Goldin, and Lawrence F. Katz, “Dynamics of the Gender Gap for Young Professionals in the Financial and Corporate Sectors,” American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, Vol. 2, No. 3, July 2010, pp. 228-255.

93-97 Renegotiating the Marriage Bargain: The description of changes in women’s attitudes toward career and household work draws from Valerie Ramey, “Time Spent in Home Production in the 20th Century: New Estimates from Old Data,” Journal of Economic History, Vol. 69, No. 1, March 2009, pp. 1-47; Samuel Preston and Caroline Sten Hartnett, “The Future of American Fertility,” NBER Working Paper, November 2008. Data about changes in fertility patterns come from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 57, No. 12, March 18, 2009; Samuel H. Preston and Caroline Sten Hartnett, op. cit.; American Time Use Survey, 2009 (www.bls.gov/tus/tables/a1_2009.pdf, accessed 07/18/2010); and U.S. Census Bureau, “The Fertility of American Women: 2006,” Washington, August 2008 (Supplemental tables 1 and 2). Statistics on fiancée and spouse visas are drawn from Department of Homeland Security, Office of Immigration Statistics, “2008 Yearbook of Immigration Statistics,” Washington, August 2009. The leftward tilt of American women’s political preferences is described in Lena Edlund, Laila Haider, and Rohini Pande, “Unmarried Parenthood and Redistributive Politics,” Journal of the European Economic Association, Vol. 3, No. 1, March 2005, pp. 95-119. The gender difference in votes for President Barack Obama in the 2008 elections is detailed in “Women’s Vote Clinches Election Victory: 8 Million More Women Than Men Voted for Obama,” Institute for Women’s Policy Research Press Release, November 6, 2008 (at www.iwpr.org/pdf/08ElectionRelease.pdf, accessed 08/18/2010). Data on women’s labor supply around the world comes from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development’s Factbook (www.oecd-ilibrary.org/content/book/factbook-2010-en, accessed 07/18/2010). Data on fertility in the industrial countries is drawn from the Population Reference Bureau (at www.prb.org/Datafinder/Topic/Bar.aspx?sort=v&order=d&variable=117, accessed 07/18/2010).

97-101 The New Mating Market: The story about The Quiverfull was aired by National Public Radio on Morning Edition on March 25, 2009 (www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=102005062&ft=1&f=1001, accessed 07/18/2010). Data on government pension replacement rates and their impact on fertility comes from Olivia S. Mitchell and John W. R. Phillips, “Social Security Replacement Rates for Alternative Earnings Benchmarks,” University of Michigan Retirement Research Center Working Paper, May 2006; and Francesco C. Billari and Vincenzo Galasso, “What Explains Fertility? Evidence from Italian Pension Reforms,” CEPR Discussion Paper, October 2008. Arguments about work’s impact on fertility in Europe are drawn from Bruce Sacerdote and James Feyrer, “Will the Stork Return to Europe and Japan? Understanding Fertility Within Developed Nations,” NBER Working Paper, June 2008; and Samuel Preston and Caroline Sten Hartnett, op. cit. Evidence of the financial benefits of marriage is found in Martin Browning, Pierre-André Chiappori, and Arthur Lewbel, “Estimating Consumption Economies of Scale, Adult Equivalence